Fertility tests help identify possible reasons for difficulty conceiving, assess the reproductive health of both the woman and the man, and choose the right treatment. The Fertility Center of Baltic American Clinic in Vilnius performs hormone, ultrasound, semen and specialised infertility tests.
Investigations are planned individually, taking into account both partners’ medical history, age, symptoms and previous results. The aim is not to do as many tests as possible, but to obtain the information needed for well-founded treatment decisions.
Factors that may affect the reproductive health of both partners are assessed.
Semen analysis, DNA fragmentation, HBA and oxidative stress tests are performed.
The uterus and ovaries are assessed and follicle development is monitored.
The scope of testing is based on medical indications, avoiding unnecessary procedures.
When are fertility tests recommended?
- You have not conceived within 12 months, or within 6 months if the woman is 35 or older.
- Periods are irregular or ovulation disorders are suspected.
- Endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome or other reproductive system conditions have been diagnosed.
- Changes in semen parameters have been found.
- There have been recurrent miscarriages.
- Assisted reproduction is being planned.
- The results of previous infertility treatment need to be assessed.
Female fertility tests
Hormone tests. According to indications, hormones related to ovulation, ovarian function and other reproductive processes are assessed. The choice of tests and their timing depend on the menstrual cycle and the clinical situation.
Gynaecological ultrasound. The uterus, endometrium and ovaries are assessed, looking for changes that may affect fertility.
Follicle monitoring. Repeated ultrasound scans track follicle growth, determine the right timing for procedures and assess the response to treatment.
Uterine cavity examination (sonohysterography). An ultrasound examination of the uterine cavity using saline solution, which helps assess its structure and possible changes.
Fallopian tube patency testing. It may be recommended when tubal damage is suspected or when you are unable to conceive. The doctor decides on the method and whether it is suitable.
Male fertility tests
Semen analysis (spermogram). The main semen test, assessing sperm concentration, motility, morphology and other parameters.
Extended semen analysis. A more detailed assessment of semen parameters, performed according to indications.
Sperm DNA fragmentation test. Helps assess damage to the genetic material of sperm. It is not routinely needed for every patient.
Semen oxidative stress test (MiOXSYS). A specialised assessment of oxidative stress markers; its clinical value depends on the specific situation.
Sperm HBA test. Assesses the ability of sperm to bind to hyaluronic acid.
Semen culture. Performed when an infection is suspected.
Genetic tests for male infertility. According to indications, karyotyping, testing for Y chromosome AZF microdeletions or CFTR gene testing may be recommended.
If semen tests show changes, a urologist-andrologist consultation and an ultrasound examination may be recommended.
How does a fertility assessment work?
First, the doctor reviews both partners’ medical history and previous tests. Based on the clinical situation, the doctor draws up a diagnostic plan.
Some tests are done in a single visit, others on specific days of the menstrual cycle or repeatedly. Once the results are available, they are assessed together rather than as separate values.
Depending on the causes found, further tests, treatment or assisted reproduction may be recommended.
How to prepare for the tests
Preparation depends on the type of test. Hormone tests may need to be done on specific days of the menstrual cycle.
Before a semen analysis, 2–7 days of abstinence from ejaculation is usually recommended, but the specific instructions of the laboratory must be followed.
Before uterine cavity or fallopian tube examinations, the doctor will tell you the right time in your cycle, how to prepare and any contraindications.
Frequently asked questions (FAQ)
Which tests should be done first if we cannot conceive?
The initial assessment depends on both partners’ medical history. Most often ovulation and the woman’s reproductive organs are assessed, and a semen analysis is performed.
Do normal hormone tests mean a woman is fertile?
No. Fertility depends on many factors, so hormone levels alone cannot confirm the ability to conceive.
Is one semen analysis enough to assess male fertility?
Not always. Semen parameters can vary, so if the results are abnormal, repeating the semen analysis or further tests are sometimes recommended.
Does every man need a sperm DNA fragmentation test?
No. The test is not a necessary part of the initial assessment for every patient. The doctor decides individually whether it is needed.
Can all fertility tests be done in one day?
Not always. Some tests depend on the menstrual cycle, and some need special preparation.
Can I have the tests without a fertility specialist consultation?
For some tests you can come directly, but an individually designed assessment plan helps avoid unnecessary tests and ensures the results are interpreted correctly.
Test prices
The price of fertility tests depends on the tests chosen and their scope. The need for further tests is discussed during the consultation.